Index
T
- The Chicago Design System is the public visual identity of the City of Chicago. It is an inclusive, equitable, cost saving system for City communication and for Chicagoans to show their civic pride.
- At the Chicago Architecture Center there is a 1:600 (1'=50') scale model of downtown Chicago. The Chicago Model depicts 630 blocks of the center part of the city, from Cermak on the south to Oak Street on the north, from Lake Michigan to Sangamon on the west, about 3.3 x 2.3 miles of the city. At this scale, the model is about 30 feet by 20 feet, or roughly 600 square feet in size.
References are to paragraph numbers except where specified as table, figure (fig.), or page number (p.). Page numbers in the online edition link directly to terms in the glossary (appendix B).
- table of contents
- abbreviations list noted in, 1.43
- chapters with different authors in, 1.37
- components of, 1.37, fig. 1.5
- for electronic works, 1.81, 1.83, fig. 1.11
- errata noted in, 1.65, 1.86
- example, fig. 1.5
- format of, 1.83
- galleries noted in, 1.37–38, fig. 1.7
- journals, 1.78, 1.82–83, fig. 1.11
- multiauthor volumes, 2.38
- pagination, 1.37
- permissions process and, 4.101
- placement of, 1.37, 1.78
- proofreading of, 2.110, 2.130
- running heads after first page of, 1.10
- subheads in or not, 1.37
- web-based publications, 1.113, 1.115
- tables, 3.46–85, figs. 3.11–25
- abbreviations and ampersands in, 3.54, 3.60, 3.65
- alignment in, 3.68–72
- appropriate use of, 3.47
- basic structure, 3.49, fig. 3.11
- body and cells: alignment and formatting, 3.68–72, figs. 3.19–21; empty, 3.63, 3.65, fig. 3.15, fig. 3.17; multiple values in single, 3.67, fig. 3.13; numbers in, 3.70; rows of, 3.70, fig. 3.19; words in, 3.71
- broadside, 2.112, 3.84–85
- callouts to, 2.27
- checking and adjusting, 3.84
- columns: alignment of, 3.68–72, fig. 3.19; continued lines and repeated heads of, 3.85, fig. 3.25; data in, 3.64; empty cells, 3.63, 3.65, fig. 3.15, fig. 3.17; heads of, 3.54–56, 3.69, figs. 3.13–14; in matrix, 3.66, figs. 3.17–18; multiple values in single cells, 3.67; stub, 3.57–62, 3.68, fig. 3.13, figs. 3.15–18, fig. 3.21; totals, averages, and means, 3.72, fig. 3.21
- consistency in and across, 3.48, 3.57, 3.72, 3.79
- continued lines in, 3.85, fig. 3.25
- definition, 3.2
- documentation of, 14.165
- editing, 2.62; adjusting and checking, 2.29, 3.79, 3.84, figs. 3.23–24; cleanup process for, 2.77; continued lines and repeated column heads, 3.85, fig. 3.25; N, n, 3.70, 3.73, 3.83, fig. 3.20; number ranges, 3.81; signs and symbols in, 3.80–82
- electronic files: preparation of tables, 3.46; separate files for each component, 2.23, 2.33, 3.16; submission to publisher, 3.3–4, 3.15
- in electronic publications, 1.99
- fair use of, 4.84
- heads: alignment, 3.69; cut-in, 3.56, fig. 3.14; format, 3.54; parenthetical information in, fig. 3.12; repeated, 3.85, fig. 3.25; rules to separate, 3.50; signs and symbols in, 3.82; spanner, 3.55, fig. 3.13, fig. 3.16; stub, 3.57
- indention in, 3.59, 3.61, 3.72, fig. 3.15, fig. 3.21
- indexing of, 16.116, 16.141
- lists of, 1.38, 3.37, fig. 1.6
- manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.3, 2.20, 2.23, 2.26–27
- markup of, A.13, A.33
- matrixes, 3.66, figs. 3.17–18
- “not applicable” and “no data available” in, 3.65
- notes and source notes, 3.75; contents of, 3.53, 3.64; description, 2.28; numbered separately from text, 2.20; order and placement, 3.74; shortened references in, 3.75; on significance (probability) levels, 3.78, fig. 3.22; to specific parts of table, 3.74, 3.77; to whole table, 3.74, 3.76
- numbering of, 1.55, 2.26, 3.51–52, 3.54
- number ranges in, 3.81
- pagination and, 1.7
- placement of, 2.59
- preparation of, 3.46
- proofreading of, 2.112, 2.124
- punctuation: significance (probability) levels, 3.78, fig. 3.22; stub entries, 3.57–58; title and number, 3.52
- references to numbered, 8.178
- rules in, 3.50, 3.55–56, figs. 3.13–14
- running heads and, 1.15, 2.112, 3.84–85
- runover lines in, 3.59
- signs and symbols in, 3.80–82
- stub column and entries, 3.57–62, 3.68, fig. 3.13, figs. 3.15–18
- text references to, 3.51
- titles of, 3.52–54, fig. 3.12
- totals in, 3.50, 3.61, 3.72–73, figs. 3.15–16, fig. 3.21
- See alsocaptions; illustrations; lists of illustrations and tables
- tabs, 2.11, 2.77. See alsomargins
- tags
- definition, p. 903
- formal markup, 2.80
- in manuscript editing, 2.55, 2.78–79
- See alsocodes and coding; markup tags and languages; production and digital technology; XML (extensible markup language)
- taxonomic indexes, 16.6
- technical writing. Seecomputer terminology; scientific and technical terminology; scientific and technical works
- technology. Seeaudiovisual materials; computer software; computer terminology; mathematical copy; production and digital technology; scientific and technical works
- telephone conversations. Seepersonal communications
- telephone numbers, 6.77
- television and television programs
- broadcast networks, 8.185, 10.5, 10.25
- interviews on, 14.221
- reviews of, 14.214, 14.216
- titles of programs and episodes, 8.185
- temperature, abbreviations and degree symbol, 9.16, 10.37, 10.52, 10.55, 10.64
- territories, 10.4, 10.28–29, 14.136. See alsogeographical terminology
- tests (examinations), 4.10
- text. Seebooks; electronic publications; journals; manuscript preparation guidelines for authors
- textbooks, 1.9, 4.70, 4.72, 4.100
- text citations
- abbreviations in, 10.3, 13.65, 14.54
- abbreviations listed for, 14.55
- additional material in, 15.23
- agreement of reference list entries with, 15.20
- authors’ names: anonymous works and, 15.32–33; different authors with same last name, 15.21; editor in place of, 15.35; et al. in citation and/or text, 15.24, 15.28; more than three, 15.28; not repeated in citation if in text already, 15.24; organization as, 15.36; pseudonyms as, 15.34; same author, same year, 15.19, 15.28 (see alsoauthors’ names)
- basic approach: examples and variations, 15.9; format, 15.5, 15.7, 15.21, fig. 15.1; function, 15.10; order within citation, 15.29; page, volume numbers, and other locators in, 15.8, 15.22; page numbers only in, 15.26; placement in text, 15.24–26
- biblical citations in, 10.46–51, 14.253–54
- classical Greek and Latin references in, 14.256
- indexing and, 16.6, 16.114–15
- multiple references in single citation, 15.29
- multiple references to same source, 15.26
- newspapers in, 14.206
- publication facts in, 15.17, 15.24, 15.39–42
- punctuation: brackets, 15.27, 15.38; commas, 15.7, 15.9, 15.22, 15.28, 15.29, 15.41, 15.42; parentheses, 13.62–70; semicolons, 15.23, 15.27, 15.29
- reducing notes by using, 14.53
- in relation to surrounding text, 15.24–25
- syntactic considerations with, 15.27
- year plus a, b, c in, 15.19, 15.28
- See alsoauthor-date reference system; block quotations; documentation; reference lists; titles of works in documentation
- text references to illustrations and tables. Seecallouts (illustrations and tables)
- Thai names, 16.85
- than, 5.179, 5.201
- that
- appropriate use of, 5.220
- in phrasal conjunction (e.g., provided that), 5.193
- preposition with, 5.169
- as pronoun, 5.51, 5.54, 5.58
- punctuation with, 6.22
- quotations following, 6.50
- in subordinating conjunctions, 5.201
- which vs., 5.220, 6.22
- that if, 6.32
- that is, 6.43, 6.56, 6.65, 6.85
- the
- alphabetizing, the disregarded in, 14.67, 16.48, 16.91
- Arabic equivalent of, 16.76
- in blog titles, 8.187
- celestial bodies and, 8.137
- coordinate nouns and, 5.73
- definition of articles, 5.68–69
- earth and, 8.139
- with epithets, 8.33
- with ethnic and national group names, 8.37
- in foreign names for places and structures, 8.58
- implicit, 5.75
- indexing: disregarded, 16.48–49, 16.91; first lines, 16.144; organization and business names, 16.88; place-names, 16.91
- in journal titles, 14.179
- meaning affected by, 5.74, 5.76
- in place-names, 8.58, 16.91
- in publisher’s names, 14.140
- with Rev. and Hon., 10.18
- in titles in running text, 8.167–68
- titles of people preceded by, 8.20, 8.29, 8.35, 10.18
- See alsoarticles (definite and indefinite)
- their, theirs, 5.47, 5.50, 5.220
- their, they’re, there, 5.50, 5.220
- theorems, numbering of, 12.25
- theories. Seelaws and theories
- therefore, 6.25, 6.55
- theses. Seedissertations and theses
- they
- antecedents and, 5.28
- as singular, 5.46, 5.222, 5.227
- special uses of, 5.45
- thin space, defined, A.22, p. 903
- 3-em dashes
- in bibliographies, for repeated names, 6.91, 14.64–67
- and computer sorting, 14.63
- keyboarding for manuscript, 2.13
- length of, 6.75
- in reference lists, for repeated names, 15.17–19
- thumbnails, 4.83, p. 903
- thus, 13.17, 13.59
- TIFF, defined, A.32, p. 903
- time
- abbreviations: a.m. and p.m., 9.38–40, 10.42; days of the week, 10.41; eras, 9.35, 9.63, 10.39; months, 10.40; noon and midnight, 9.39; numerical designations, 9.31, 9.34, 9.36, 9.38–41; time of day, 10.42; time zones, 10.42; units (seconds, minutes, etc.), 10.71; word division and, 7.40
- chronology systems, 9.35, 9.63, 10.39
- of day: abbreviation, 10.42; en dashes with, 6.78; noon and midnight, 9.39; numerals vs. words, 9.38; seconds and dates included with, 9.41; twenty-four-hour system, 9.40–41
- hyphenation of expressions, 7.85
- periods: cultural, 8.73; decades, 9.34; descriptive designations, 8.71; eras, 9.35, 9.63, 10.39; geological, 8.134; numerical designations, 8.70; traditional period names, 8.72
- spelled out, 9.38
- time zones, 8.89, 10.42
- See alsodates
- title page
- across two pages, 1.17
- author of foreword on, 1.39
- authors’, editors’, and translators’ names on, 1.18, 14.86
- edition number on, 1.18, 1.26, 14.118
- journal special issue, 1.85
- multiauthor volumes, 2.38
- new preface noted on, 1.26
- pagination omitted from, 1.6
- permissible changes to title when citing, 8.163, 14.96
- proofreading of, 2.130
- publication date on, 14.149
- publisher’s name on, 1.18, 14.135
- running heads omitted from, 1.10
- titles and offices
- abbreviations (seeabbreviations)
- academic, 8.27–29 (see alsoacademic concerns)
- in apposition (before name), 8.20, 8.29, 8.35
- Arabic rulers of older times, 8.14
- basic rule and exceptions, 8.18–19
- civic and academic honors, 8.30
- civil, 8.18, 8.21, 10.13–14
- descriptive, 8.29
- “down” style of, 8.1
- honorifics, 8.32
- military and quasi-military, 8.18, 8.23–24
- names replaced by, 8.18–19
- nobility, dukes, and such: alphabetizing, 16.66; indexing, 16.38; treatment in text, 8.31
- organizational and corporate, 8.26
- religious: abbreviations, 10.18; indexing, 16.39; treatment in text, 8.25, 8.32
- saints, 8.92, 10.26, 14.74, 16.42
- social, 10.16–17
- sovereigns, popes, and such: indexing, 16.37; treatment in text, 8.22
- titles of works, 8.154–55, 8.166
- abbreviations of, 10.7
- alphabetizing of, 16.48–49, 16.51–52, 16.56
- articles (definite and indefinite) at beginning of, 8.167–68, 16.48–49, 16.51–52, 16.56
- articles (journal) and parts of books, 8.175–78
- artworks and exhibitions, 8.193–95
- in award and building names, 8.170
- blogs and blog entries, 8.187
- book review and book notes sections, 1.92
- books and periodicals, 8.166–74
- capitalization: basic principles, 8.155, 8.166; double titles connected by or, 8.165; foreign works, 11.3, 11.5–9; headline-style principles and examples, 8.157–58; hyphenated compounds in headline-style, 8.159; quotations in titles, 8.160; sentence-style principles and examples, 8.156; subtitles, 8.157, 8.162
- in captions, 3.21–22
- conferences, meetings, or speeches, 8.69
- cross-checking of, 2.29
- documentation (seetitles of works in documentation)
- double titles connected by or, 8.165
- electronic publications, 8.186–87
- in epigraph source, 1.36
- foreign-language materials (see underforeign-language materials)
- inclusive years in, 9.63
- indexing (see underindexing)
- italicized terms within, 8.171
- italics for, 8.161, 8.166
- movies, television, and radio, 8.185
- multivolume works, 8.173
- musical works, 8.188–92
- original spelling preserved, 8.163
- pamphlets and reports, 8.183
- permissible changes to, in citations, 8.163, 8.167, 11.4, 11.10
- plurals of, 7.11
- poems and plays, 8.179–82
- possessives of, 7.28
- proofreading of, 2.105, 2.130
- punctuation: colons, 1.18, 8.162; commas, 6.17; double titles connected by or, 8.165; exclamation points, 6.118–19, 16.54; italics or quotation marks, 8.2, 8.161; question marks, 6.118–19, 16.54; quotations in titles, 8.160; in relation to surrounding text, 8.164
- as running heads, 1.11, 1.77
- in running text, 8.164
- sequels, 9.44
- series and editions, 8.2, 8.174
- shortening of, 8.166
- subject compared with, 8.172
- subtitles, 8.157, 8.162
- titles within titles, 8.171
- trademark protection of, 4.16
- unpublished works, 8.184
- websites and web pages, 8.186
- See alsobibliographies; chapter titles; covers of journals and paperback books; half titles; reference lists; title page
- titles of works in documentation
- author-date references: anonymous works, 15.32–33; capitalization, 15.13; cross-references, 15.37; examples and variations, 15.9; sentence-style capitalization, 15.45
- notes and bibliography system: abbreviations of, 14.55, fig. 14.7; alphabetical order for works of single author, 14.67; anonymous works, 14.79–80; author’s name in title, 14.78; capitalization, 14.95, 14.97–98, 14.193; chapters and contributions including, 14.111–13; classical references, 14.257, 14.261; dates in, 14.101; double titles connected by or, 14.99; electronic publications, 14.166–69; exclamation points in, 14.100, 14.105; italicized terms within, 14.103; italics for, 14.94, 14.103, 14.177; magazine articles, 14.201; manuscript collections, 14.233–34; non-English, 14.107, 14.193; older and very long titles, 14.106; or with double titles, 14.99; and other stories and such with, 14.100; pamphlets and reports, 14.240–41; permissible changes to, 14.96; question marks in, 14.100, 14.105; quotation marks within, 14.102, 14.104; in reviews, 14.214–17; series and editions, 14.128; subtitles, 14.94–95, 14.97–98; titles within titles, 14.102; translated titles, 14.108–10
- uniform treatment across documentation systems, 15.2
- to
- en dash for, 6.78
- in infinitive, 5.104–7
- tone marks, 11.104
- totals, in tables, 3.50, 3.61, 3.72–73, figs. 3.15–16, fig. 3.21
- tracking. Seeredlining (tracking and showing changes)
- trade books, defined, 4.18
- trademarks
- capitalization and symbols, 8.152
- copyright issues and, 4.16
- lowercase letters beginning, 8.68, 8.153
- See alsobrand names
- trains, 8.116. See alsovehicles and vessels
- transcriptions, 10.11, 13.6, 13.46–47
- translated by, when to abbreviate or spell out, 14.15–16, 14.88, 15.6, 15.15
- translation rights, 4.60
- translations and translated works
- copyright of, 1.19, 1.29, 4.14, fig. 1.3
- credit for, 13.76
- documentation of: foreign-language article and journal titles, 14.108–10, 14.193–94; translated articles, 14.192
- editing of, 2.58, 13.78
- glosses or translations of terms, 6.93, 6.98, 7.50, 7.55
- notes on, 1.44
- punctuation, 6.93, 6.98
- quotations: adjusting translations, 13.77; credit for translation, 13.76; editing translations, 13.78; original-language version in note, 13.75; retranslation, 13.79; source plus translation, 13.74; typographic style of, 13.71; where to place translations, 13.73; whether translation is needed, 13.72
- retranslation, 13.79
- titles of works: headline vs. sentence style for, 11.6; non-English titles, 14.107; original plus published translation, 14.109; original vs. translated, 11.7; translated title supplied by author or editor, 14.108; unpublished translation of title standing for original, 14.110
- as works made for hire, 4.10
- translations of foreign terms
- capitalization, 11.9
- glosses, 6.93, 6.98, 7.50, 7.55
- punctuation, 11.10
- word division, 11.11
- translators
- abbreviation of term, 10.43, 14.15–16, 14.64–65, 14.87–88, 15.6, 15.15, 15.18
- notes of, 1.44, 14.46, fig. 14.4
- See alsoeditors; manuscript preparation guidelines for authors
- translators’ names
- on covers or jackets, 1.67
- documentation of: abbreviation of term, 10.43, 14.15–16, 14.64–65, 14.87–88, 15.6, 15.15, 15.18; author plus, 14.88; author vs., 14.90; classical references, 14.260, 14.265–66; examples and variations, 14.18, 15.9; name in place of author, 15.35; omission of term in text citations, 15.7; in shortened citations, 14.25–27
- on title page, 1.18
- transliteration
- character sets for non-Latin alphabets, 11.92, 11.110
- citing religious works in, 14.255
- diacritical marks in, 11.94
- italics vs. roman type for terms in, 11.95
- proofreading copy in non-Latin alphabets, 11.93
- resources, 11.91, 11.96, 11.102, 11.106, 11.111, 11.118
- of titles of works and institutions, 11.3–8
- Unicode characters, tables 11.2–3
- See alsoArabic language; Chinese language; Hebrew language; Japanese language; Russian language; South Asian languages
- transportation concerns. Seebusiness and commerce; highways and interstates; vehicles and vessels
- transpose mark, 2.92, 2.125
- treaties and acts
- documentation, 14.287, 14.302
- treatment in text, 8.65, 8.79–80
- See alsolegal documents; legislation; public documents
- Turkish language, 11.88–90
- 2-em dashes
- length of, 6.75
- with letters standing for names (e.g., A——), 7.62
- for missing or illegible words, 13.57
- for omitted personal names, 6.90
- typefaces. Seefonts (typefaces)
- type page, defined, p. 904
- typesetters and typesetting
- adjusting and checking tables (checklist), 3.84, figs. 3.23–24
- checklist for manuscript preparation for design, 2.74
- computer software for, A.23
- definition of typesetter, p. 904
- errors assigned to, 2.131
- indexes and, 16.134
- instructions to: on electronic manuscript, 2.78; on page proofs, 2.113, 2.115, 2.116, 2.118; on paper manuscript, 2.90
- musical examples prepared by, 3.4, fig. 3.5
- See alsocodes and coding; design and production; production and digital technology; typographic considerations
- type size
- appendixes, 1.57
- bibliographies and reference lists, 1.61
- endnotes, 1.59
- indexes, 1.63, 16.135
- title and subtitle, 1.18
- type specifications
- books, 2.70–71
- checking proofs for, 2.113
- journals, 1.108, 1.110
- style sheets for, A.9, A.17, A.37, fig. A.3
- See alsodesign and production; typesetters and typesetting
- type styles. Seeboldface; capital letters; fonts (typefaces); italics; roman (type)
- typographic considerations
- abbreviations, 10.8
- captions, 3.9, 3.21–24, 3.29
- concluding elements, 1.52
- digital artwork submission, 3.15
- epigraphs, 13.34
- foreword, 1.39
- Greek language, 11.131
- illustration numbers, 3.9
- illustrations, 3.19
- indexes, 1.63, 16.6, 16.47, 16.115, 16.131, 16.135–40
- journals, 1.78
- line and word breaks, 7.31–43
- list format, 6.122
- majors and minors in journals, 1.87
- mathematical copy, 12.60–67
- music writing, 7.66–71
- ornaments for text break, 1.56
- preface, 1.40
- publisher’s, translator’s, and editor’s notes, 1.44
- punctuation, fonts, and relation to surrounding text, 6.2–6
- special characters and foreign alphabets, 11.1–2, 11.12
- subheads, 1.54
- table of contents and lists of illustrations, 1.38
- tables, 3.48, 3.52, 3.58, 3.84
- word division, 7.33, 7.43
- See alsodesign and production; production and digital technology
Chicagogames123 Nr2003 Designs Custom
Chicago III, an Album by Chicago. Released 11 January 1971 on Columbia (catalog no. Virtual cd dvd rom windows 10. C2 30110; Vinyl LP). Genres: Jazz-Rock. Rated #596 in the best albums of 1971. Featured peformers: Peter Cetera (bass, vocals), Terry Kath (guitar, vocals), Robert Lamm (keyboards, vocals), Lee Loughnane (trumpet, vocals), James Pankow (trombone), Walter Parazaider (woodwinds, vocals), Danny Seraphine (drums.
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